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Scientific American - Objets Actus

What is sarcoidosis?
Mardi 12 Août 2008 - 17:00 - 3 mois, 2 semaines depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
Comedian Bernie Mac died on Saturday (August 9) of complications from pneumonia. In the coverage of his death, the media has reported that in 1983, doctors diagnosed him with a mysterious ailment called sarcoidosis. [More]

Hacking Memory to Break Drug Addiction
Mardi 12 Août 2008 - 15:05 - 3 mois, 2 semaines depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
Using a chemical that blocks the creation of memories, scientists have prevented rats from using cocaine after they had become addicted to the drug. The hope is that doctors will one day be able to give humans some version of the chemical and stop cocaine addiction in its tracks. [More]

Cancer Drug Costs May Help Doctors Select a Treatment
Lundi 11 Août 2008 - 22:00 - 3 mois, 3 semaines depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
Oncologists will soon be adding “financial counselor” to their job description. With an increasing number of cancer patients suffering economic hardships as a side effect of expensive therapy, most oncologists are finding that cost needs to be considered as part of treatment options. Leading cancer organizations are now working on incorporating cost into treatment guidelines and other materials. The change, which departs from the current American medical ethos, is fraught with thorny questions not only for cancer doctors and patients but also for the health care system at large.The U.S. spends about $200 billion annually on cancer care; many new drugs cost several thousand dollars monthly. For patients, co-payments represent the most severe sappers of bank accounts. Increasingly, insurers are holding patients accountable for up to 20 percent of the prescription price. Covered drugs being used off-label (for an indication not formally approved but still medically appropriate) can carry co-pays of up to 30 percent. [More]

Unlikely Victims of Banning CFCs--Asthma Sufferers
Lundi 11 Août 2008 - 22:00 - 3 mois, 3 semaines depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
A federal ban on ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), to conform with the Clean Air Act, is, ironically, affecting 22.9 million people in the U.S. who suffer from asthma. Generic inhaled albuterol, which is the most commonly prescribed short-acting asthma medication and requires CFCs to propel it into the lungs, will no longer be legally sold after December 31, 2008. Physicians and patients are questioning the wisdom of the ban, which will have an insignificant effect on ozone but a measurable impact on wallets: the reformulated brand-name alternatives can be three times as expensive, raising the cost to about $40 per inhaler. The issue is even more disconcerting considering that asthma disproportionately affects the poor and that, according to recent surveys, an estimated 20 percent of asthma patients are uninsured.“The decision to make the change was political, not medical or scientific,” says pharmacist Leslie Hendeles of the University of Florida, who co-authored a 2007 paper in the New England Journal of Medicine explaining the withdrawal and transition. In 1987 Congress signed on to the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer, an international treaty requiring the phasing out of all nonessential uses of CFCs. At that time, medical inhalers were considered an essential use because no viable alternative propellant existed. In 1989 pharmaceutical companies banded together and eventually, in 1996, reformulated albuterol with hydrofluoroalkane (HFA), an ozone-safe propellant. After more than one brand of HFA-albuterol became available, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration declared in 2005 that CFC inhalers were no longer essential and must be completely off the shelves by the last day of this year. [More]

Raymond Kurzweil: That Magical Transcendent Feeling
Lundi 11 Août 2008 - 09:00 - 3 mois, 3 semaines depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
FINALIST YEAR: 1965HIS PROJECT: Programming a computer to compose music like classical composers did [More]

Civic Planning for Thinner People
Dimanche 10 Août 2008 - 22:01 - 3 mois, 3 semaines depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
[The following is an exact transcript of this podcast.] [More]

Inside SciAm: The August Issue
Vendredi 08 Août 2008 - 12:24 - 3 mois, 3 semaines depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
In this special edition of Science Talk, Scientific American editor in chief, John Rennie, talks to Steve about the August issue of the magazine, which features articles on migraine, solar superstorms and self-cleaning materials. The text transcript is currently not available. Transcripts are posted about a week after the podcast airs. [More]

Are Viruses Alive?
Vendredi 08 Août 2008 - 09:15 - 3 mois, 3 semaines depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
Editor's Note: This story was originally published in the December 2004 issue of Scientific American.In an episode of the classic 1950s television comedy The Honeymooners, Brooklyn bus driver Ralph Kramden loudly explains to his wife, Alice, “You know that I know how easy you get the virus.” Half a century ago even regular folks like the Kramdens had some knowledge of viruses--as microscopic bringers of disease. Yet it is almost certain that they did not know exactly what a virus was. They were, and are, not alone. [More]

Researchers Silence HIV in Mice Engineered to Be Like Humans
Jeudi 07 Août 2008 - 14:00 - 3 mois, 3 semaines depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
Scientists report that they have quashed the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in so-called "humanized mice" infected with the virus. They did so using a technique called RNA interference, or RNAi, to clamp down on three genes found in infected cells, blocking the wily virus from moving to other cells. [More]

For Nanotech Drug Delivery, Size Doesn't Matter--Shape Does
Jeudi 07 Août 2008 - 07:15 - 3 mois, 3 semaines depuis - Presse spécialisée - Scientific American
As nanotechnology to ferry drugs to their destinations is tested in both the laboratory and in clinical trials, scientists have made a surprising discovery about the kinds of nanoparticles that might be most effective for eventually transporting a number of different cancer-fighting therapies throughout the body.The conventional wisdom is that the smaller, the better. But that may not be true, according to a team of scientists led by University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (U.N.C.) chemistry professor Joseph DeSimone. DeSimone and his colleagues have shown that the shape of these microscopic drug carriers is much more important than size and can even mean the difference between whether a drug penetrates target cells effectively or ends up as a target itself, only to be destroyed by the immune system. [More]

Actus fournies par : Scientific American

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